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What if clay tablets created more than 2,000 years ago contained some of the most advanced astronomical observations of the ancient world? The Babylonian Astronomical Tablets are among the most important scientific records ever discovered. Inscribed in cuneiform on clay, these tablets preserve centuries of…

What if some of the most important books of an ancient civilization survived destruction, preserving knowledge that is still being studied centuries later? The Mayan Codices are among the rarest and most valuable documents from the ancient Americas. Created by Maya scribes on bark paper…

What if a seemingly ordinary hammer was discovered embedded within ancient rock, suggesting a history far older than anyone expected? The London Hammer is one of the most famous "out-of-place artifacts," or OOPArts. According to supporters, it was found partially encased in rock near London,…

What if thousands of clay figurines appeared to show humans living alongside dinosaurs—and what if they were either one of archaeology's greatest discoveries or one of its greatest controversies? The Acámbaro Figurines are a collection of more than 30,000 small clay artifacts reportedly found near…

What if a carved stone discovered in the American Midwest contained evidence that European explorers reached North America long before Columbus? The Kensington Runestone is one of the most controversial artifacts in North American history. Found in Minnesota in 1898, it bears a lengthy inscription…